TURKISH JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SPORT (TJHS), Year 2025 Issue TJHS Vol 6 Issue 1

Areas of Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory

Hasan Basri SavasMehmet Tarık Baran — 2025-05-07

Medical biochemistry includes many branches of science such as genetics, molecular medicine, organic chemistry, basic biochemistry, metabolism and clinical biochemistry. Due to the breadth of the scope of medical biochemistry, the abundance of research conducted in this field and the size of the discoveries made, medical biochemistry is one of the most dynamic medical sciences. Due to its dynamic and detailed structure, very large-scale and detailed information is obtained in medical biochemistry analysis processes. In recent years, the size and complex structure of the data obtained in the field of biochemistry have revealed the necessity of innovative approaches beyond traditional analysis methods. This situation leads to biochemical research becoming more complex than ever before and increases the need for new tools and methods for processing, analyzing and interpreting this data. Artificial intelligence (AI) stands out as a technology that has the potential to create a revolutionary change in the field of biochemistry. AI includes subfields such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). These areas also offer highly effective tools for analyzing large data sets, image recognition, and prediction. In the future, advanced modeling techniques, multimodality data integrations, and quantum computing-supported approaches that will emerge at the intersection of biochemistry and artificial intelligence applications will revolutionize research and application areas. However, systematic consideration of ethical dimensions such as data security, model transparency, algorithmic fairness, and responsible innovation will ensure the success and sustainability of artificial intelligence in biochemistry. This multidimensional approach will guide both academic and applied research, and will enable clinical and industrial processes to become more reliable, faster, and more effective. Artificial intelligence applications will enable the improvement of education, research, simulation, and routine patient outcome processes in clinical biochemistry.

Height-Weight Assessment of Children in the 6-11 Age Group in Ankara Region and Investigation of Socio-economic Factors Affecting Them

Ramazan Cahit Temizkan Gülşen Yalçın ,İzzettin Toktaş — 2025-05-07

Aim: Our study was conducted with the aim of measuring the height and weight of healthy children in the 6-11 age group within the borders of the metropolitan municipality of Ankara province, determining the percentile evaluation and determining the socio-economic factors that may affect them.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a Cross-sectional method. The names of the schools to be studied were determined by applying the random sampling method proportional to the stratified size. Branch selection from classes in schools was found by simple random sampling method. The height and weight of the children reached through the sampling method were measured by the same physician. Information on socio-economic factors was obtained from teachers.

Results: A total of 4656 children were included in the study (females= 2239, males= 2417). In the six-year age group, boys were found to be statistically significantly taller than girls (p<0.050). Additionally, it was found that boys were statistically significantly heavier than girls in the 6 and 7 age groups (p<0.050; p<0.001). It was observed that the father's occupation was more effective on the child's weight than the mother's occupation It was found that the weight of children of fathers who were high school graduates or higher was higher and also the mothers of these children are educated at secondary school or above in all age groups for girls and boys (p<0.050; p<0.020; p<0.050; p<0.001). It was found that the weight of children from families with high monthly income was statistically higher in the 7, 8, 9, 10 age groups for girls and in the 6, 8, 9, 10 age groups for boys (p<0.050; p<0.001). In the 7-year-old group for girls and the 6-year-old group for boys, the height of children in the group with no siblings or those with 1 sibling was found to be statistically significantly higher than the other group (p<0.050; p<0.020). It was found that the weights of children without siblings or with only one sibling in the 6, 7, 9 age groups for girls and 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 age groups for boys were statistically significantly higher than the children in the other group (p<0.050; p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, it was found that the mother's education at least secondary school and the father's high school education, the father's profession, having high monthly income, the child having his own study room, and the number of children in the family being 1 or 2 are important factors.

Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa and related factors among university employees

Arda BorluNeslihan Öner — 2025-05-07

Objective: Orthorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that is not yet recognized as a disease. Little is known about the prevalence and associated factors of ON outside of certain groups. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of ON and related factors among the employees of a private university in Turkey. Method: This study was carried out with 144 employees. Data were collected with a questionnaire form containing 17 questions about the socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, health and physical activity status, and ORTO-11 scale. Results: ON was common among university employees. Employees who were younger and had chronic diseases were more prone to ON. There was weak positive correlation between ORTO-11 score and age. Gender, marital status, body mass index, and status of working in the healthcare were found to be unrelated to being orthorexic. Conclusion: The reason why young employees were more orthorexic may be related to the fact that young ones were more interested in nutrition and the youth period was more advantageous for practices related to nutrition. Besides, employees with chronic diseases may tend to be more orthorexic in the hope of regaining their health by eating a healthier diet with the influence of their doctors' recommendations.

Evaluation of Readiness for Mobile Learning among Students Studying Nutrition and Dietetics

Mustafa YüceÖzcan Erkan Akgün ,Fatma Esra Güneş — 2025-05-07

The present study investigated the preparedness of nutrition and dietetics students for mobile learning and examined its correlation with various demographic, social, and educational factors. Utilizing a descriptive and correlational survey design, the research encompassed a sample of 87 graduating students. Data collection was conducted using the ‘Mobile Learning Readiness Scale,’ a Turkish adaptation by Gökçearslan et al. (2017), along with a researcher-developed background information questionnaire. The results indicated a strong predisposition towards mobile learning among the students, notably within the optimism and self-efficacy domains. However, statistically significant variations were found between different universities regarding the self-directed learning subscale (p=0.045). Furthermore, a significant divergence was also observed in the subcategory of technology proficiency (p=0.037). The study suggests that a blended learning approach, integrating mobile learning with conventional teaching practices, could enhance student learning outcomes.

In the Labyrinth of Organizational Climate: Exploring Identification with Leader-Member Interaction in Sports Higher Education

Mesut GüleşçeMurat Kalfa ,Kemal Sargın — 2025-05-07
This study investigates the complex relationships between leader-member exchange, organizational identification, and organizational climate within sports higher education institutions. The emotional bonds that employees form with their organization and how these bonds influence workplace behavior are critical factors for institutional success and employee satisfaction. This study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the direct impact of leader-member exchange on organizational identification and the mediating role of organizational climate in this process. The research was conducted with 567 academics from various public and private universities across Turkey. The participants, who vary in demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and academic rank, contribute to the generalizability of the findings. The results demonstrate that leader-member exchange positively influences organizational identification, and this effect is further enhanced through organizational climate. Moreover, organizational identification significantly impacts employees' perceptions of organizational climate. The study also examines the influence of demographic variables, such as gender and age, on these relationships, concluding that these variables do not significantly affect organizational identification or climate perception. The findings underscore the strategic importance of enhancing the quality of leader-member relationships in higher education institutions to foster organizational commitment and promote a positive work environment. This study contributes significantly to the existing literature on leadership strategies and organizational behavior in educational settings.

Retrospective Evaluation of Immigrant Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Between the Years 2012-2019

Mehmet Ali TurgutYusuf ipek — 2025-05-07

Retrospective Evaluation of Immigrant Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Between the Years 2012-2019
Objective: The prevalence of critical illness in immigrants, reasons for ICU admission, specific diagnoses that pose therapeutic challenges, and expected outcomes are unknown. Our study aimed to shed light on the characteristics of migrant patients treated in our Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit between 2012 and 2019.
Methods: Data of 198 migrant patients admitted to the Anesthesia and Resuscitation Intensive Care Unit were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty patients were excluded due to lack of data. Demographic characteristics, reasons for admission, duration of hospitalization, complications, outcomes, mortality and factors affecting length of stay were evaluated.
Results: The male/female ratio was 0.5 in our study. The median age was 34 years, median ICU stay was 120 hours and median APACHE score was 17. The most common reason for admission was gynecologic/obstetric diseases, 78% of immigrant patients were discharged, 21.9% were exited, 29-day mortality rate was 17.9% and 90-day mortality rate was 21.9%. The most common complication was ventilator-associated pneumonia. The most common agent in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia was Acinetobacter baumanii (34.1%). There was no significant difference between the reasons for hospitalization, length of hospitalization and mortality (p>0.05). The mortality rate was higher in patients with higher APACHE scores and more days of mechanical ventilation (p=0.001).
Conclusion: High APACHE score and mechanical ventilation are independent risk factors for mortality in migrants. Further research is needed to clearly establish the health consequences of migration.

Evaluation of The Effectiveness of Itraconazole and Terbinafine Treatment in Patients with Tinea Capitis

Semahat AlpMehmet Harman ,Nezahat Akpolat — 2025-05-07

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection specific to childhood and always requires systemic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of itraconazole and terbinafine in treating children with tinea capitis.
Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study involves 61 children diagnosed clinically and mycologically with tinea capitis and given daily oral itraconazole or terbinafine for 4 weeks. The efficacy of each treatment was assessed at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12, with clinical scores and mycological investigations (microscopy and culture). The treatment outcome was graded as effective or ineffective at week 12. A total of 50 patients, allocated into two equal groups in terbinafine and itraconazole arms, were included in the evaluation. All data were analysed using a T-test, Chi-Square test and descriptive statistical methods in SPSS software.
Results: 50 patients (19 girls, 31 boys) had a mean age of 7.08 ± 2.21 years and a mean weight of 22.97 ± 3.58 kg. There were 24 patients (48%) in the itraconazole arm and 26 patients (52%) in the terbinafine arm. At the end of week 12, cure rate was 83.3% in the itraconazole group and 92.3% in the terbinafine group. Both agents were statistically effective (P<0.001) and there was no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups (P:0.202). No significant treatment-related side effects were observed in either group.
Conclusion: This study supports that itraconazole and terbinafine are effective and safe alternative options in the patients with tinea capitis.